- Laval-Montmorency, François de
- (1623-1708)L Appointed apostolic vicar with title of bishop of Petræa in partibus, 7; opposes liquor traffic, 10; founds Seminary at Quebec, 10; created bishop of Quebec, 12; not fully appreciated in his lifetime, 15; his noble birth, 17; his devotion to St. François Xavier and St. François d'Assisi, 18; a scholar at College of La Flèche, 19; inherits patrimony of Montigny, and called for a time Abbé de Montigny, 19; yields patrimony to his younger brother, Jean-Louis, 19, 21; admitted to congregation of the Holy Virgin, 20; receives tonsure at nine years of age and made canon of Evreux at fifteen, 20; leaves La Flèche at nineteen and goes to the College of Clermont at Paris, 21; death of his two elder brothers, 21; his mother desires him to marry, 21; appointed archdeacon of cathedral of Evreux, 22; his zealous performance of his duties, 23; goes to Rome in expectation of an appointment as one of three bishops for Asia, 23; resigns his archdeaconry, 23; becomes inmate of Hermitage of de Bérnières at Caen, 24, 25; recommended by Jesuits as vicar apostolic for Canada, 26; consecrated as such by papal nuncio, 26; arrives at Quebec, June 16, 1659, 26; his authority questioned, 27; demands written recognition of his authority, 28; suspends the Abbé de Queylus, 28; manner and personal appearance, 28, 29; attention to the sick, 33; his different places of residence in Quebec, 33; friction with Governor D'Argenson, 34; his efforts to prevent sale of brandy to the Indians, 36-39; sails for France, obtains recall of D'Avaugour, and military reinforcements for colony, 39; his influence in the creation of the Sovereign Council, 40; returns to Canada, 41; founds Seminary, 47, 48; his regulations therefor approved by the king, 50; obtains authority to collect tithes, 50; receives flattering letters from the king and Colbert, with gift of money, 52; resides at Seminary, 55; opposed to permanent livings for clergy, 55; his personal income transferred to the Seminary, 56; imposes on himself many privations, 56; affiliates Seminary with Foreign Missions of Paris, 57; acquires seigniory of Beaupré and exchanges it for Île Jésus, 58; baptizes Iroquois chief, 65; visits various settlements of Christian Indians, 74; bears testimony to the high character of De Tracy, 81; describes church at Quebec in letter to Pope, 84; approves of works of piety instituted by Jesuits, 86; encourages devotion to the Holy Family, 86; his visits to Montreal, 87; his wise views, 98; watches over instruction of youth, 99; establishes boarding school at St. Joachim, 100; encourages Brotherhood of Ste. Anne, 101; builds first sanctuary of Ste. Anne at Beaupré, 101; makes pilgrimage to Beaupré, 101; his instructions to missionaries, 105-107; receives Récollets with benevolence, 111; his zeal for primary education, 124; appointed bishop, 129, 136; his letter to the Propaganda, 131; has manager appointed for his abbey of Lestrées, 138; rents it to Berthelot, 138; exchanges Island of Orleans for Île Jésus, 138; visits his family in France, 139; family troubles, 139; renews connection of Seminary with Foreign Missions of Paris, 140; returns to Canada, 141, 169; sails for France in connection with liquor traffic question, 173; erects parish of Notre Dame de Montreal, 175; joins it to Seminary of St. Sulpice, 175; his interest in chapel of Bonsecours, 178; bows to king's decision on tithes question, 181; returns to Canada, 184; resists attempt to connect his diocese with archbishopric of Paris, 184; bestows all his property on the Seminary of Quebec, 185; letter to the king, 187; visits parishes and missions, 189, 190; illness, 190; letter to king as to need for reinforcements, 192; establishes chapter of diocese, 197; sails for France, 198; resigns as bishop in favour of Saint-Vallier, 200; returns to Canada, 202, 220; physical suffering, 205; letter to Saint-Vallier, 206; disagreement with Saint-Vallier on the subject of the Seminary, 208; his return to Canada delayed, 211; returns, 219, 220; receives his successor, 221; his conduct during siege of Quebec, 231; his grief over the policy adopted in regard to the Seminary, 235; his escape from burning building, 240; his labours in extreme age, 244; his admiration of the Charron brothers, 247; his habits and practices described by Brother Houssart, 251-256; by De la Colombière, 256, 257; his death, 263; miraculous cures attributed to, 264; burial in cathedral and subsequent transfer of remains to Seminary, 265, 266. F Arrival of, as vicar apostolic and bishop of Petræa in partibus, 43; sends De Queylus back to France, 43; disagrees with Governor D'Argenson, 45; also with D'Avaugour, 46; sails for France, 1662, 46; procures recall of D'Avaugour and appointment of Mézy, 48; returns to Quebec, September, 1663, 48; establishes Quebec Seminary, 48; and Lesser Seminary, 49; quarrels with Mézy, 50; sails for France to settle question of bishopric, May, 1672, 70; made bishop of Quebec, and returns to Canada, 1675, 71; establishes Ecclesiastical Court, 111; curtails honours paid to governor in church, 112; king's instructions on the subject, 113; Frontenac's estimate of bishop's revenue, 114; objects to trading permits issued by governor, as involving selling of liquor to Indians, 116; gains the king over to his views, 116; sends grand-vicar to France to uphold his policy, 118; goes to France to press his views, 1678, 125; effect of his elevation to rank of bishop, 164; not favourable to permanent curacies, 165, 190; rejects offer of Récollets to serve the parishes without any fixed provision for their support, 165; determines to resign, 190; goes to France, 1684, 191; chooses Saint-Vallier as his successor, 191; describes Canada as "the country of miracles," 301.Bib.: Têtu, Esquisse Biographique de Laval; Esquisse de la Vie, etc., de Laval; Parkman, Old Régime; Gosselin, François de Montmorency-Laval; Colby, Canadian Types of the Old Régime; Le Vénérable François de Montmorency-Laval; Douglas, Old France in the New World; Dent, Can. Por.
The makers of Canada. 2014.